Table 2 Summary of study findings following transcriptome analyses of human liver disease.

Normal liver

Marked variation in normal liver transcript expression

[6, 7, 9]

Innate immune gene induction with the acute phase response

[6]

Hepatitis C (HCV)

Innate immune activation with acute HCV infection

[68, 71]

Immune induction with chronic HCV infection

[67, 68, 69, 71, 75, 78]

NS3/4A induction of innate immune responses

[73]

NS5A induced NF-kappaβ activation

[170]

Upregulation of specific IFN response genes predicts treatment response

[74]

Gene expression associated with HCV HCC

[11, 79, 151, 171]

Immune activation with HCV recurrence post transplantation

[86, 87]

Immune response to chronic HBV infection

[69, 75]

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)

Intrahepatic transcript expression in AIH cirrhosis

[76, 82]

Alcohol associated liver disease (ALD)

Intrahepatic transcript expression in alcohol liver injury

[89]

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Gene expression in hepatic steatosis

[92–94], [93]**

Intrahepatic transcript expression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)

[92]

Biliary liver disease

Intrahepatic transcript expression in primary biliary cirrhosis

[81, 82]

Intrahepatic transcript expression in primary sclerosing cholangitis-related cirrhosis

[81]

Transcript expression distinguishing embryonic and perinatal forms of biliary atresia

[95]

Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

Novel gene expression (possible tumour markers) in HCC

[80, 83]

Transcript expression in viral hepatitis associated HCC

[172–175]

Transcript expression in metastatic HCC development

[176, 177]

Transcript expression in associated with prognosis and/or recurrence of HCC

[178, 179]

Cholangiocarcinoma

Transcript expression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

[180]